1/7/2024 0 Comments Unrealistic optimism persuaion![]() Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways: If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian. If your institution is not listed or you cannot sign in to your institution’s website, please contact your librarian or administrator.Įnter your library card number to sign in. Following successful sign in, you will be returned to Oxford Academic.Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account. When on the institution site, please use the credentials provided by your institution.Select your institution from the list provided, which will take you to your institution's website to sign in.Click Sign in through your institution.Shibboleth / Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.Ĭhoose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways: Get help with access Institutional accessĪccess to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. The discussion centers around the question of whether different experimental designs could clarify the theoretical explanations, or whether third-person effects might be caused by combinations of psychological mechanisms rather than by only one such mechanism. Depending on the kind of media effects, all three concepts can account for some of the results. An experiment with 181 individuals produced mixed results. The third concept of generalized negative attitudes towards media effects suggests that, regardless of the description, a third-person effect will always occur because negative predispositions to media influence are so strong that they cannot be overriden by variations in question wording. ![]() If third persons are described as psychologically close, the third-person effect will be smaller. The concept of impersonal impact suggests that the extent of the third-person effect varies with the psychological distance between the first and the third person. Empirically this means that the third-person effect will be smaller if media influences are described as a benefit, or the recipient suggested to be actively controlling the effects. The same can be expected when subjects are described as passively suffering media effects. The concept of unrealistic optimism would predict that media effects described in a negative way will produce large third-person effects because individuals want to preserve a positive self. Based on previous research literature, three different psychological mechanisms are distinguished that might cause the phenomenon. the tendency of people to expect the media to be more effective on third persons than on themselves. The present study looks into the psychological origins of the third-person effect, i.e.
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